Spy Software Essay - 1310 Words

Spy Software Summary Spy software, or spyware, is software that records information and or activity on a computer and then sends the information to the person or company that installed it. While these programs have been around since the early days of Windows, there has been a recent wave of newer applications of them. The newer programs far outstrip their predecessors in what they do, who installs them, and how they are used. So what exactly do these programs do, who installs them, and should they be a cause for concern? The list of spyware programs is long and growing longer by the day. Investigator, Spector, and Cyber Snoop are some of the more well known ones, but there are countless others. Some common features include†¦show more content†¦Case Study: AudioGalaxy and VX2 AudioGalaxy bundled an ad program from Onflow for a period of approximately 34 days in late 2001. VX2 was a subprogram within the Onflow software that buried itself into the internet browser of the host computer and then went to work. It would randomly ‘pop-up’ advertisements while the user was surfing, and then send information back to VX2 corporation. All of this was done without the users knowledge, in fact the user was not notified that the program was even installed. The editor of Portal of Evil discovered VX2 while trying to eliminate pop-up ads from his website. Further investigation into the company revealed next to nothing. Emails went unanswered, and there was no other way to contact VX2. The privacy policy on VX2’s website basically says that it does not respect the users privacy, which does not inspire trust or confidence in them. â€Å"vx2s Software also uses artificial intelligence to discern and collect name and address information from online forms that you fill out. We use this information to allow our partners to reach you with personalized and targeted offers and advertisements that are relevant to your interests. We may also contact you directly ourselves with such offers.† - VX2 Privacy Policy In normal English this means that the program will take information from forms you fill out, such as: name, address, phone number, email address.Show MoreRelatedMalware And Its Effects On Computers1029 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the most significant threats to computers today is malicious software. Malicious software, also known as malware, is defined as any unwanted program that means you harm and is transmitted to your computer without you knowledge or consent. Malware is used to damage computer software, files, and to steal personal information. Malware comes in many forms, and in order to stay ahead of the threat, computer users need to be aware of the different types of malware that exist. Viruses are probablyRead MoreA Brief Note On Track Cellphone Usage And Moral Agents1721 Words   |  7 Pagesthen removed from the discussion entirely. What is at stake? The things to consider that are at stake from this scenario are, the company’s reputation, financial longevity and the privacy of the children. If this application turns to be a piece of software that is very controversial in society then not only will the company’s reputation get tarnished, but the value of the company will also decrease. This would causes a chain reaction, since the company would get a lot of bad reputation then the currentRead MoreSpyware Essay2057 Words   |  9 PagesAnderson’s input. An ad for Spy-Wiper appeared on his laptop warning him that if he wanted to protect his laptop he had to sign up for the program that would clear his system of any rogue software. When Mr. Anderson arrived at work the following day he discovered that his office computers displayed similar messages from Spy-Wiper. Spy-Wiper was using coercion tactics to intimidate users into signing up for their software, holding the user’s computer hostage until they c omplied. Spy-Wiper created the threatRead MoreMy Internet Security Suite Application Essay552 Words   |  3 Pagesmany malicious software on the internet. It is important to have software that can block and remove this malicious software. The name of the software would be called iSecurity Suite. I would develop a mobile internet security suite application for iPad. I want to protect the iPad against viruses, spyware, and use a firewall to prevent other people from gaining access to your iPad. The first part of the application internet security suite is the anti-virus. This is an important software. It protectRead MoreMax Thielen Last year Target fell victim to a massive cyber attack that compromised data on700 Words   |  3 Pagesswiped through the machine (Smith). The hackers were able to steal vendor credentials from BMC Software, the company that developed the IT management software used by Target. The hackers used the account name â€Å"Best1_user† and password â€Å"BackupU$r† to access the machine. The â€Å"Best1_user† account name is restricted from logging in to the computer. It is actually an administrator account used by the software to do basic tasks (Smith). Through the administrator account access, the criminals were ableRead MoreThe Moral Of Moral Agents1630 Words   |  7 PagesThe children do have some possible choices to make regarding this supposed invasion of privacy with varying degrees of moral standing. They could look into using applications that mask their activity or employ the less moral route of removing the software entirely. Finally, the developer himself is in control of the entire scenario since it all hangs on his choice of going forward with the development of the application. After all, if he just refuses to take part in the project and takes the consequencesRead MoreReasons For The Cross Pollination900 Words   |  4 PagesThe term cross pollination may be used to best describe the sharing of theories, mathematical computations, algorithms, languages, hardware architecture, system software, applications software and tools between computer science and software engineering. Computer scientists utilize mathematics and theory to analyze if something works. Software engineers apply known rules in order to build and design things. Calude et al. (2008) quoted Vladimir Arnold in their research regarding proofs, â€Å"Proofs are toRead MoreIs The Virus A Virus?928 Words   |  4 Pagesvirus, by definition it is a â€Å"Software that is self-replicating and spreads like a biological virus.† (Easttom, 2013-2014) Theyâ₠¬â„¢re many forms of virus such as: Spyware which like its name spies on your behavior and sends this data to a remote computer. You also have Adware which like its name as well targets you for ads and different advertisements. You’re more harmful forms of viruses are Trojans which is a type of malware that is often disguised as legitimate software (Kaspersky Lab, 1997-2015) TrojansRead MoreSecurity Of Computer And Internet Crimes1628 Words   |  7 Pagesamounts of computer crimes, but they usually fall into one of five major categories. They are sabotage or wreckage, theft of internet services, theft of data, software or hardware distribution of illegal materials and financial crimes. Sabotage or wreckage is a criminal activity that leads to partial or total destruction of the software or data contained on the computer. Most of these are done through virus writing that can damage both the hard drive and other programs within the computerRead MoreAutonomous Vehicles and Software Architectures Essay1312 Words   |  6 PagesAutonomous Vehicles and Software Architectures Please respond to the following: * Autonomous vehicles utilize integrated imaging and vision systems, sensor systems, and control systems to â€Å"drive a car†. Determine what you believe are the top-five challenges of integrating these systems. Provide one example for each challenge and explain why you believe it is a challenge. * Explain whether you believe there is a difference between designing and developing software for distributed architectures

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Analysis, Pros...

THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT: ANALYSIS, PROS AND CONS INTRODUCTION The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) is an Act of Congress passed in 1978 and signed by the then President Jimmy Carter. The Act stipulates the procedures to be followed when obtaining intelligence from foreign powers and agents of foreign powers both physically and electronically. The Act has been amended severally. In 2001, it was amended to involve groups and terrorist organizations not supported by foreign governments in an Act called the USA PATRIOT Act. A further amendment was done in 2007 to overhaul most of the provisions, in the Act called Protect America Act. A final amendment was done in 2008 called the FISA Amendments Act of 2008†¦show more content†¦A third provision by the FISA is the Sneak and Peak provision provided under section 213. This provision grants the security agencies the power to enter into the office, home or premise of a suspected terrorist or spy without informing the target. In the process of such undisclosed intrusions, the agencie s are allowed to take photographs, examine data in the computers as well as planting devices that monitor or mirror the operation of the suspect on the computer. These devices should also be able to monitor the internet usage and transmissions of the suspect. In suggesting this provision, the Justice Department asserted that this unexplained intrusion had been used against drug dealers. But now that terrorism was of more danger to the homeland, then there was need to take terrorists as the most dangerous persons on US soil (Larry and Godoy 2006). A very controversial provision in the amendment to the FISA is the Libraries Provision. This provision allows the government security agencies to access any tangible or written information regarding the suspects, be they documents, books, records or papers. The provision further does not obligate the agency to inform the suspect that it is accessing the vital information. The FBI is expected to get a court authority secretly by simply proving that the suspects could be involved in espionage or terrorism. This willShow MoreRelatedPersonal Data Privacy . Frame Analysis And Advocacy Field1686 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Data Privacy Frame Analysis and Advocacy Field Guide This framing analysis includes 10 recent print news articles that address personal data privacy. The 5 dominant frames identified include: unauthorized data collection and misuse, commercial application of personal data, civil liberties (personal data in the legal system), data protection, and innovation. There were Pro and Con arguments present for each frame with the exception of the last, no Con arguments were present for the innovationRead MoreImpact of the Usa Patriot Act2309 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract The primary concern of this paper is to establish the impact of the USA Patriot Act on local law enforcement and its potential for net widening. This paper will cover three primary areas to provide a proper public safety case analysis. First the paper will describe the public safety agency and its roles in relation to the USA PATRIOT ACT. Then the paper will provide a detail explanation of the leadership, management, and administration roles of the public safety agency chosen. Finally thisRead MoreEssay on Army Counter Intelligence Division2298 Words   |  10 Pagesfederally funded programs that deal with crime and the prevention of crime. We have all heard of the CIA the FBI, DEA and others, but some that have a very well-funded and all including presence is the counter intelligence divisions of the United States military. The Military CID or Counter intelligence Division work with each other in depth and deal with real time missions at hand that protect the troops in war zones an d are an integral part of the federal government’s ability to track and counter anyRead MoreIndividual Privacy vs National Security5833 Words   |  24 Pagesnational security come together in its most recent society. Do the public succumb to total governmental control, or do they propose continued debate in the nation’s process of the national security process. There are always two sides of a story, the pros and cons, the laurels and pitfalls, or the good and the bad, and for the public, it has to decide which side in each of these is the right side it feels is the best possible side to be on. One hand, national security is decided by the government to protectRead MoreRole of Intelligence in India’s Security5420 Words   |  22 PagesRN KAO MEMORIAL LECTURE BY SHRI NARESH CHANDRA India’s Security Challenges in the next decade – Role of Intelligence I feel greatly honoured and privileged to have been asked to deliver the R. N. Kao Memorial Lecture this year. I believe, it is the sixth in the series started in 2007 by Shri Tharakan, the then Secretary, Ramp;AW . It feels good to be following the five distinguished speakers who have delivered the lecture in previous years. Before this distinguished gathering, it is hardlyRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 PagesNat’l Security Powers Between Congress, the President and the Court 48 The 1973 War Powers Resolution 49 II. The War Powers Resolution: A Debate between JNM and Frederick Tipson 50 CHAPTER 18: The National Security Process 60 CHAPTER 19: intelligence and Counterintelligence 63 CHAPTER 20: Access to Information 65 CHAPTER 21: Freedom of Expression 70 CHAPTER 22: National Security and the Fourth and Fifth Amendments 73 R. J. Rummel, â€Å"Power Kills; Absolute Power Kills Absolutely (Oct. 1991)Read MoreSocial Research 2.0: Virtual Snowball Sampling Method9226 Words   |  37 Pagessite, can help researchers to contact hidden or hard to reach persons. Although in the last decade researchers became interested in the study of SNSs, they particularly focus on the characteristics of the users of SNSs (Back et al., 2010), on the analysis of the social capital and their inï ¬â€šuence in users behaviour (Ellison et al., 2007; Bigge, 2006) or on ethical issues concerning with the reward of private information on the Internet (Acquisti and Gross, 2006; Boyd and Ellison, 2008; Boyd, 2008;Read MoreSingle vs Multiple Financial Regulators12736 Words   |  51 PagesSINGLE Vs. MULTIPLE FINANCIAL REGULATORS An analysis of the financial regulatory systems followed around the world By: Sudharsan S Sandeep Kumar Natharali Razvi Vijay PJ Natarajan P Neeraj Kannoth (118) (110) (32) (59) (31) (106) INTRODUCTION Financial systems and financial regulators are entities setup by the government of a country to ensure the availability and flow of financial resources in a fair and lawful manner without exploitation or monopolization of the resource by individualsRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagespublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to theRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesmost of the fastest-growing occupations percentagewise are related to information technology or health care. The increase in the technology jobs is due to the rapid increase in the use of information technology, such as databases, system design and analysis, and desktop publishing. The health care jobs are growing as a result of the aging of the U.S. population and workforce, a factor discussed later. Chapter 1 Changing Nature of Human Resource Management 5 FIGURE 1—1 The 10 Occupations with

Strategic Management of Australian Supermarket-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the competitive analysis of the entire retail industry of Australia. Answer: Introduction The report helps in analysis of the different kind of macro environmental analysis along with the industry analysis of the entire retail industry in Australia. Proper description of the life cycle of the retail sector has to be analysed in an effectual manner wherein the Porters Five Forces Analysis is required to be done appropriately. Proper company and competitor analysis is required to be done appropriately that will help in identification of different strategies and solve the issues effectually. The main aim and purpose of the report includes the strategic analysis of the supermarkets that includes Coles and Woolworths and the threat from Aldi has to be analysed in an effectual manner as well. Proper external environment analysis is required to be done in an effectual manner wherein this will help in implementing different strategies to solve the issues. Analysis of Macro Environment PESTLE analysis can be used as the macro environmental tool in order to analyse the entire Australian retail market in an effectual manner. The requirements and demands of the different consumers has to be fulfilled by different kind of retail stores in the Australian market. The different kind of policies of the government helps in providing opportunities related to growth to the retail kind of organizations in the Australian market. There are different kind of economic factors that include unemployment along with recession will reduce the operational growth of the company (Tantalo and Priem, 2016). The buying behaviour and demands of the different customers are affected by the economic condition of the country. The different customers of the supermarket are the different kind of important factors that affects the entire revenues and profitability (Galliers and Leidner, 2014). The different kind of social status of the different customers affect the choices and they wish to purchase from such supermarkets itself. The entire social status of the organization affects the choices of the customers related to the different products and the social status of the different customers affect the choices that is related to products and they wish to purchase from such supermarkets as well (Pearlson, Saunders Galletta, 2016). The entire advancement of the technologies affects the different ways by which the different supermarkets make utilization of the accurate methods along with operation. The different kind of innovations that have taken place in different kind of supermarkets that include the different formation of the different service-oriented architecture of the organisations (Frow et al., 2015). The different kind of operations that affect the environment of the supermarkets and this affects the sales of the company as well. The different kind of activities that is related to recycling along with revenues of the company affects the revenues of the supermarket. It has been seen that the organizations in Australian economy such as Woolworths and Coles face different kind of challenges that include the wider kind of situation and there is immense amount of competition in the market as well (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). There are different kind of issues in the market that is related to the customer service that is required to be solved in an effective manner. Analysis of Industry Life Cycle Stage of Industry The life cycle of the different products and services of the supermarket consists of the different kind of stages that include introduction, growth, maturity and decline stage. The entire industry of supermarket in Australian economy is in the maturity stage wherein it is seen that the sales is high in nature and growth has been slowed down in the market and there is immense competition in the market as well (Krajewski, Malhotra Ritzman, 2015). The different kind of organizations need to increase the growth as this will help them in not to reach the decline stage and this will help the supermarkets in the economy to perform well in an effective manner. The life cycle stage of the products or services is essential in nature that provides proper analysis of the position of the supermarket and this will help them in performing accordingly to increase the sales and growth and they will not reach the decline stage as well. Analysis of Porters Five Forces Bargaining power of the suppliers is related to the power of the different kind of suppliers of the supermarket and it is moderate in nature in the supermarket industry in Australian economy. The concentration of the different organizations is high in the supermarket and this includes the different some big players that have kept the power of the different suppliers. Bargaining power of the buyers is related to power of the different buyers wherein it is seen that the bargaining power of the buyers is high in nature. The entire force has become more powerful in nature in the Australian economy as there is huge increase in the number of supermarkets in the Australian market. The consumers have different kind of options to select from and this has helped in increasing the bargaining power of the different buyers as well in the Australian market (Frynas Mellahi, 2015). Threats among the different substitutes wherein it is seen that the retail products that are being offered and provided in Australian supermarkets is high and the products that are utilized by the different consumers on a daily basis helps in increasing the loyalty among the customers. This decreases the threat related to different substitutes in the supermarket industry of Australian economy (Stead Stead, 2015). Rivalry among the existing firms is related to the different kind of threats from the rivalry in the retail industry of Australia and this is making tough for the large supermarkets in the market as well. This thereby assists in reducing the threat that is due to the rivalry and this is affecting the share in the market. All the large firms are continuously competing with one another for gaining the larger share in the entire market (Jarzabkowski Kaplan, 2015). Threats related to the different new entrants is the other issue wherein the new kind of players in the market in the retail industry of Australian economy has been made tough for the different kind of players in the entire market. This helps in reducing the different kind of threats from the new firms to the existing firms in the Australian economy (Biemans, 2018). Analysis of Organization The different kind of organizations that is ruling the entire Australian retail industry is Woolworths and Coles. Woolworths is one of the largest supermarket chains in the entire Australia (Slack, 2015). There are more than 115,000 employees wherein there are more than 900 stores in all over Australia. The goal and vision of the retail store Woolworths is to provide the customers with fresh kind of products and services in an effectual manner. Furthermore, it was seen that Coles is the other supermarket that is operating and it has helped them in increasing the operations in Australia. The respective organization is operating in Australia under the parent organization named Wesfarmers. Wesfarmers is one of the large conglomerate in the entire Australian market (Lasserre, 2017). Both of the supermarkets in the Australian supermarket are trying to improve the different kind of operations and this is increasing and helping them to increase the market share in the entire market (Bromiley et al., 2015). Both the organizations are now being challenged with the entry of the new firm named Aldi that is establishing their position in the Australian economy. Furthermore, it is seen that there are different kind of competitors in the market wherein Woolworths is still number one in the retail industry and they are performing well in the economy as well. On the other hand, Coles is the part of Wesfarmers that is the conglomerate and it is performing well in the market with increasing the profitability in the market. However, it is seen that Woolworths has been successful in outperforming in comparison to Coles and the situation has changed and it is acquired by Wesfarmers (Woolworths.com.au., 2018). Lastly, it is seen that both Woolworths and Coles are performing well in the market wherein this has helped them in increasing their market share and they have outperformed the profit earned by Aldi supermarket in the entire industry of Australian economy (Rothaermel, 2015). Analysis of Competitors The level of the entire competition is high between both the companies such as Woolworths and Coles. The level of the competition among the different kind of organizations has been hostile in nature and the implementation of the strategy of the different firms that is related to different kind of policies and they are different from one another. The strategy of Woolworths was implemented in the year 1980 and they did not perform well in the sales as well (Coles.com.au., 2018). The main strategy of Woolworths was to provide the individuals who are the customers with different kind of products and services that are fresh in nature. The different kind of organizations are constantly competing with the one another in regards to the different kind of strategies and they will be formulating in order to increase the revenues of the company as well (Aldi.com.au, 2018). With the formulation of the Porters Five Forces Analysis, the level of the entire competition in the entire Australian economy is high in nature and this includes the analysis of the rivalry among the different kind of competitors in the market and the name of the organization that is one more rivalry is Aldi and this is creating huge competition for Woolworths and Coles Supermarkets as well. SWOT analysis of Retail Industry Strengths Population Demographics Penetration of low market Aspiring the middle-class individuals Weaknesses Uncertainty in political condition Poor kind of infrastructure and supply chain management Opportunities Innovation Digital kind of strategy Approach that is customer centric Threats Human Capital Availability of land and real estate Analysis of Strategy Identification of different strategies There are different kind of strategies that has been implemented by Woolworths Supermarket wherein there are five most important priorities that are discussed: Building proper and appropriate culture of the stores along with customers Generating the sales momentum in the food and it is sustainable in nature Evolving the business that is related to drinks of the entire organization and the main motive of the organization is to provide the potential customers with different kind of services and products that has to be valued by them and it is effectual in nature as well The proper empowerment of the different kind of portfolio business of the entire organization as this will help in providing valuing to the shareholders Organization is aiming towards the becoming leaning retailer with the help of the different systems with end to end process along with proper excellence Woolworths Supermarket has been able to implement the different kind of strategies as this will help them in operating successfully in the entire market. The respective strategy has been properly implemented by Coles supermarket as this helped them in creating customer base and this will help them in creating value to the customers in an effectual manner as well. The strategy helps in assisting the company as this will build the different kind of relationships with the different customers. However, it was seen that there are different occasions wherein Coles have failed in implementing such strategies and this led to loss in sales of the company as well. The proper entry of the new kind of player in the Australian market has further challenged different kind of strategies in such a manner that both the supermarkets Coles and Woolworths are competing with one another in a fierce manner and this is helping them in increasing the sales of the company as well. Aldi Supermarket has entered into the market in the year 2001 and they are trying to expand their operations in a fast manner. The organizations have more than 350 stores in more than 21 countries and this is helping them in increasing the generation of revenues in the market. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that Australian supermarket industry is competitive in nature and the major kind of players in the market is restricting the entry of the new firms in the market as well. The two kinds of organizations include Woolworths and Coles Supermarket and these organizations provide huge competition to the other kind of competitors in the market as well. The entire level of competition in the respective market has become intense on nature and this has affected the different kind of revenues of major retail kind of companies in the entire country Australia. Furthermore, it was seen that the competition is huge in nature and is intense in nature and this will increase their sales and revenues in the market as well. Recommendations Both Coles and Woolworths supermarkets has to formulate the different kind of different strategies that are appropriate in nature Both the companies have to improve the customer service quality along with different kind of operations as well The store style has to be maintained in both the organizations and this is in accordance with the different kind of convenience of the customers Woolworths needs to use the strategy that is related to preferences of the different customers and this will help in understanding the preferences as well and this will provide knowledge on the different kind of strategies that will help them in competing with one anothe References Aldi.com.au. (2018).ALDI Supermarkets - Good Different - ALDI Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.aldi.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018]. Coles.com.au. (2018).Coles Supermarkets. [online] Available at: https://www.coles.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018]. Woolworths.com.au. (2018).Woolworths.com.au. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018]. Bettis, R., Gambardella, A., Helfat, C. Mitchell, W., (2014). Quantitative empirical analysis in strategic management.Strategic Management Journal,35(7), pp.949-953. Biemans, W., (2018).Managing innovation within networks. Routledge. Brewster, C., (2017). The integration of human resource management corporate strategy. InPolicy practice in European human resource management(pp. 22-35). Routledge. Bromiley, P., McShane, M., Nair, A. Rustambekov, E., (2015). Enterprise risk management: Review, critique, research directions.Long range planning,48(4), pp.265-276. Frow, P., Nenonen, S., Payne, A. Storbacka, K., (2015). Managing co?creation design: A strategic approach to innovation.British Journal of Management,26(3), pp.463-483. Frynas, J.G. Mellahi, K., (2015).Global strategic management. Oxford University Press, USA. Galliers, R.D. Leidner, D.E. eds., (2014).Strategic information management: challenges strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. Schilling, M.A., (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Jarzabkowski, P. Kaplan, S., (2015). Strategy tools?in?use: A framework for understing technologies of rationality in practice.Strategic Management Journal,36(4), pp.537-558. Krajewski, L.J., Malhotra, M.K. Ritzman, L.P., (2015).Operations management: processes supply chains. Pearson. Lasserre, P., (2017).Global strategic management. Palgrave. Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. Galletta, D.F., (2016).Managing Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Rothaermel, F.T., (2015.Strategic management. McGraw-Hill Education. Slack, N., (2015).Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Stead, J.G. Stead, W.E., (2015).Management for a small planet. Routledge. Tantalo, C. Priem, R.L., (2016). Value creation through stakeholder synergy.Strategic Management Journal,37(2), pp.314-329

Lord Of The Flies Essays (2132 words) - English-language Films

Lord of the Flies Lord of the Flies In his first novel, William Golding used a group of boys stranded on a tropical island to illustrate the malicious nature of mankind. Lord of the Flies dealt with changes that the boys underwent as they gradually adapted to the isolated freedom from society. Three main characters depicted different effects on certain individuals under those circumstances. Jack Merridew began as the arrogant and self-righteous leader of a choir. The freedom of the island allowed him to further develop the darker side of his personality as the Chief of a savage tribe. Ralph started as a self-assured boy whose confidence in himself came from the acceptance of his peers. He had a fair nature as he was willing to listen to Piggy. He became increasingly dependent on Piggy's wisdom and became lost in the confusion around him. Towards the end of the story his rejection from their society of savage boys forced him to fend for himself. Piggy was an educated boy who had grown up as an outcast. Due to his academic childhood, he was more mature than the others and retained his civilized behaviour. But his experiences on the island gave him a more realistic understanding of the cruelty possessed by some people. The ordeals of the three boys on the island made them more aware of the evil inside themselves and, in some cases, made the false politeness that had clothed them disappear. However, the changes experienced by one boy differed from those endured by another. This is attributable to the physical and mental differences between them. Jack was first described with having an air of cruelty that made him naturally unlikeable. As leader of the choir and one of the tallest boys on the island, Jack's physical height and authority matched his arrogant personality. His desire to be Chief was clearly evident in his first appearance. When the idea of having a Chief was mentioned Jack spoke out immediately. "I ought to be chief," said Jack with simple arrogance, "because I'm chapter chorister and head boy." He led his choir by administering much discipline resulting in forced obedience from the cloaked boys. His ill-nature was well expressed through his impoliteness in saying, "Shut up, Fatty." at Piggy (p. 23). However, despite his unpleasant personality, his lack of courage and his conscience prevented him from killing the first pig they encountered: "They knew very well why he hadn't: because of the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood" (p. 34). Even at the meetings, Jack was able to contain himself under the leadership of Ralph. He had even suggested the implementation of rules to regulate themselves. This was a Jack who was proud to be British, and who was shaped and still bound by the laws of a civilized society. The freedom offered to him by the island allowed Jack to express the darker sides of his personality that were repressed by the ideals of his past environment. Without adults as a superior and responsible authority, he began to lose his fear of being punished for improper actions and behaviour. This freedom along with his malicious and arrogant personality made it possible for him to quickly degenerate into a savage. He put on paint, first to camouflage himself from the pigs. But he discovered that the paint allowed him to hide the forbidden thoughts in his mind that his facial expressions would otherwise show: "The mask was a thing on its own behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness" (p. 69). Through hunting, Jack lost his fear of blood and of killing living animals. He reached a point where he actually enjoyed the sensation of hunting a prey afraid of his spear and knife. His natural desire for blood and violence was brought out by his hunting of pigs. As Ralph became lost in his own confusion, Jack began to assert himself as chief. The boys realizing that Jack was a stronger and more self-assured leader gave in easily to the freedom of Jack's savagery. Placed in a position of power and with his followers sharing his crazed hunger for violence, Jack gained encouragement to commit the vile acts of thievery and murder. Freed from the conditions of a regulated society, Jack gradually became more violent and the rules and proper behaviour by which he was brought up were forgotten. The freedom given to him unveiled his true self under the clothing worn by civilized people to hide his darker characteristics. Ralph was introduced as

Facing Fear free essay sample

Driving Test As I walked out of the Licensing Office and down the steep ramp, I looked at my mother In disappointment and embarrassment. Never wanting to return to that dreadful place, I slowly dragged my feet back to the car. I wanted to curl up in a little ball and I didnt want anyone else to know what I had done. As I gained my composure, I finally got into the car. I didnt even want to hear what my mother had to say. My face was red and I was trying to hide my face in the palms of my hands because I knew what was about to come, she was going to start asking me questions, al of the questions I had been asking myself.Sure enough, after a short period of time, the questions began. Honey, how could we have miscalculated SIX months? How did you manage to fail? My frustrated reply to every question was, l dont know Maybe this was a sign I was going to fail. We will write a custom essay sample on Facing Fear or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I could only imagine how my brother and sister were going to make me feel. They had teased me about studying so hard for the driving test. That evening as I walked into the kitchen I got this rich smell of chocolate. Placed neatly on the small table was a large chocolate cake with congratulations written In pink Icing. My mother came up behind me .Exactly one month later, all of the fears that happened in the past were returning. Was I going to fail? Was I going to get the same, strict instructor? As I slide out of the car and slowly shut the door, I could only hope that the same person wouldnt be there when I attempted to take my driving test last time. With that thought running through my head, my brain was in overdrive. All the wheels were turning as fast as they possibly could. I tried to zone out the negative stories I heard by telling myself, l can do this. I Just drove through town on a practice run and I did perfectly fine. Of course, the fear of failure kept popping in my head and I couldnt get rid of it. Sluggishly, I made my way to the entrance of the Licensing Office. As I reached for the door, I let out a sigh of worry. I moseyed down the stairs trying to stall as long as possible. All that I could picture was the instructor with dark, slanted eyebrows that made a wrinkle between his two critical eyes. I could Just Imagine his evil laugh when he failed me. Walking through the completely white hallway with only signs to gulled me to the eight place, I read every sign hoping that the one that read DRIVERS LICENSE would be closed.The hallway seemed like it was a mile long and I knew that we were approaching the last few doors, one of which would say the two most horrifying words. I looked down at the ground; when I looked up, I was faced with the fear of the huge, bold lettered welcome sign. Peeking around the corner, I preyed that the evil instructor would be out for the day. Lucky me, I was standing face to face with the same Instructor that I had heard so many terrifying stones about. With thoughts hose in my mind, along with the thought of failing, I didnt know what to do.I tried making myself comfortable in the seats that were lined up against the wall. It was as though I was sitting in an electric chair doomed for failure. I was swaying back and forth so it was obvious I was nervous. My mother had told me on the way down not to let him know I was nervous because then he would think that I was not ready to get people ahead of me to slowly shorten. When we finally arrived at the front of the line, the room seemed to be spinning, and I felt like I was going to pass out. Hoping this lining would pass soon, I leaned on the desk.Finally, I realized that I was making the situation ten times worse than it really was, and I was ready to get the test over. With all the paper work out of the way, the instructor and I started out to the car. Ironically, a few good words of wisdom from my mother made my knees weaker than they already were. After climbing the flight of fifteen steps, I looked one last time at the place where I would hopefully be returning to with my license. Gasping for air, I grabbed the railing at the top of the stairs that seemed to have turned into the never ending flight of stairs.With all the nerves trembling inside of me, I knew that each obstacle I came across would be ten times worse than what it really was. As we approached the car, I kept on thinking of all the things that could go wrong and worst was failing the test. After testing the blinkers, the instructor was ready to begin the test. I pulled out of the Licensing Office, and was told to make a right turn. My mind went blank, and I couldnt even remember which way was left and which way was right. I formed both my index fingers and my thumbs into the shape of an L hoping his would point me in the right direction.I came to the first stop sign. Was this the sign that would make me fail? I approached the sign and spelled out the word S. T. O. P. My sister said this was the best way to know that you have made a complete stop, something that a number of people had failed the test for in the past. Making a left turn, we were making our way into town where the stoplights were. The instructor instructed me to make another left turn. There was a car in front of me, so I figured that I was safe to do what the car ahead of me was doing. I followed the car onto the right lane.Out of the corner of my eye, I saw the instructor writing on his blank piece of paper. Right then, I knew that I had done something wrong. After driving for what seemed like and eternity, we headed back to the Licensing Office. I parked the car and removed the keys from the ignition. While stepping out of the car, I looked at the paper that he had been taking notes on, and noticed that the blank piece of paper was no longer blank. With barely an inch to spare at the bottom of the paper, the instructor began explaining to me all the things I had done wrong. I felt like a two year old because of all the drawings he had made explaining every little mistake. Walking behind the instructor like a zombie, not knowing if that thought of failing the test was really going to come true, I could feel the color draining from my face. I knew what my mother was going to say when I saw her, and sure enough, the first words out of her mouth were Did you pass? I shrugged my shoulders hoping the instructor would answer her question. His reply was the same as mine, a shoulder shrug. Right then I wanted to break down and cry.I sat in the chair Just as embarrassed as the time when I came in on the wrong day. I knew that I couldnt return to that dreadful place a third time. Then, when I thought things couldnt go any worse, the instructor asked me to stand in front of the blue screen and get my picture. I thought that this picture was for the wall of shame. He printed out the picture and said, Drive careful. I was speechless. Now as I walked down the ramp I looked at my mother in excitement and relief.

Free Essays on Jeremy Rifkin Essay

Jeremy Rifkin from the passage from â€Å"The Age of Simulation† contends that the Television is the cause of and solution to all of life’s problems in modern society. He claims that we as a nation sit in front of the TV endlessly in order to fulfill some aspect of out life that we are not getting in a regular environment. Which is in part due to the fact that Television is in and plays such a substantial role in our lives. He shows how all of the essential social needs can be and are to often met through this lifeless medium. How we reach stimulation that would otherwise be given through genuine human contact is now impersonal. We are making what was once personal now impersonal. Some would argue that this is not the case while the facts still remain, that we as a culture are spending more and more time in front of the television, we are spending it with friends and family and this shared experience be it in the same room or different houses give us the opportunity to communicate and share the same common feelings. As well discuss the issues that arose on the night before’s shows. The water-cooler chat has been in this country filled with the same topics across the country. This trend also seems to have bridged the economic gap; the rich are still watching the same Joe Millionaire as the poor. We now have a common theme in this country a starting ground that which communication between two people that previously would not have anything to talk about now have a common interest or at least no matter what your education level is you can hold the same conversation about what happened on Big Brother 4 last night. Some would also argue that we as a society have deteriorated so far due to other circumstances that the backwoods country culture of old has been lost due to fear. Therefore we have been forced to look for our stimulation elsewhere. Television then has filled a gap in our being that needed to be filled. Televis... Free Essays on Jeremy Rifkin Essay Free Essays on Jeremy Rifkin Essay Jeremy Rifkin from the passage from â€Å"The Age of Simulation† contends that the Television is the cause of and solution to all of life’s problems in modern society. He claims that we as a nation sit in front of the TV endlessly in order to fulfill some aspect of out life that we are not getting in a regular environment. Which is in part due to the fact that Television is in and plays such a substantial role in our lives. He shows how all of the essential social needs can be and are to often met through this lifeless medium. How we reach stimulation that would otherwise be given through genuine human contact is now impersonal. We are making what was once personal now impersonal. Some would argue that this is not the case while the facts still remain, that we as a culture are spending more and more time in front of the television, we are spending it with friends and family and this shared experience be it in the same room or different houses give us the opportunity to communicate and share the same common feelings. As well discuss the issues that arose on the night before’s shows. The water-cooler chat has been in this country filled with the same topics across the country. This trend also seems to have bridged the economic gap; the rich are still watching the same Joe Millionaire as the poor. We now have a common theme in this country a starting ground that which communication between two people that previously would not have anything to talk about now have a common interest or at least no matter what your education level is you can hold the same conversation about what happened on Big Brother 4 last night. Some would also argue that we as a society have deteriorated so far due to other circumstances that the backwoods country culture of old has been lost due to fear. Therefore we have been forced to look for our stimulation elsewhere. Television then has filled a gap in our being that needed to be filled. Televis...

Dubai and world Disney Thesis Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dubai and world Disney - Thesis Proposal Example In the event, that an organization finds that order to be stringent then it has to resort to free economic zones where that ownership regulation does not apply (Noack, 2014). However, operating from the free economic zones limits a firm a lot of opportunities since most of the operation will be meant for export and not for sale in the Dubai market. A company like Disney will find it challenging to adhere to such regulation since by deciding to set business in Dubai its main intention will be to lure the Dubai consumers into buying its services. Waltz Disney is an international organization with structured owners thus being limited to 49% ownership means the firm has to source a local partner to engage in the business an exercise that is even more difficult. That notwithstanding, the work etiquette that is in place in Dubai is based on Islamic traditions; thus, foreigners who are non-Muslims have to learn these set of protocols for them to be able to conduct business transactions efficiently (Noack, 2014). Conversely, Dubai is currently being ranked as the most preferred business destination globally. Thus, firms from all over the world have set up business in this country making competition be very stiff; for instance, currently there are numerous theme parks that are in place in Dubai i.e. Dubai land and others while a lot more projects for similar businesses are on-going. It does present a tricky situation for Waltz Disney that is aiming to showcase its services to the Arab customers but the stringent rules and stiff competition are discouraging efforts to venture into this market (Noack, 2014). The process of establishing a foreign company is Dubai involves a number of steps whereby various government agencies have to be consulted before confirmation is obtained. To begin with the Waltz Disney will be required to research its business name and apply for registration in the department

BT CORN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BT CORN - Essay Example However, genetically modified foods are also produced from GMO crops. Genetically modified foods comprise of tortilla chips and corn syrup among others (Bessin, 2013). This paper intends to discuss on the transformation of corn plants with the assistance of Bacillus Thuringiensis gene along with the potential impacts of Bt corn particularly on the specific agricultural ecosystem and global ecosystem. Transformation of Corn Plants with Bacillus Thuringiensis Gene Bt- corn plants, as a donor organism emerges through soil bacterium known as Bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt). It is fundamentally regarded as a gene that helps in the production of a protein named Delta Endotoxin. In relation to the transformation of corn plants with Bt gene, it has been apparently observed that the gene that is produced through certain genetic characteristics are to be recognized initially and then segregated from the remaining materials that are produced from donor organism (Bessin, 2013). The protein named BT Delta Endotoxin can be taken into concern while transforming corn plants as it very effective in managing as well as controlling Lepidoptera larvae or caterpillars. This protein can be evidently used in order to control the corn plants from the damages of insects and other flies existing in the environment. It has been viewed that with the advent of technology in the genetic engineering process, the transformation process of corn plants with the support of Bacillus Thuringiensis gene has been enhanced considerably (Plant and Soil Sciences eLibrary, 2013). In order to determine the transformation of corn plants with Bt gene, it has been noted that Bt genes manufacture various proteins that help in safeguarding the corn plants from insects along with other animals present in the environment. The transformation of corn plants can also be possible with the use of biotechnological process by implementing Cry1Ab gene that would eventually facilitate in providing a significant solution for protecting the corn plants from the attack of corn borer. It has been identified that conventional treatment are not effective in protecting the corn plants from any sort of damage or environmental hazard. Notably, Bt-corn plants can be protected with the application of pesticides along with the proteins that are helpful in mitigating the damages that are perceived from the insects. It has been evidently viewed that Bt acts as a controller for the prevention of corn plants from the damages of insects as well as generating greater productivity along with quality grains for the environment (Syngenta, 2013). Potential Impact of Bt Corn On Individual Agricultural Ecosystem After acquiring a brief idea about the transformation of corn plants with Bt gene, it has been apparently observed that Bt-corn impose considerable impact upon individual agricultural ecosystem. In this modern context, the impact of Bt-corn on the agricultural ecosystem can be identified on the basis of the study tha t was propounded by the scientists of various nations regarding assessment of risks on the population of monarch butterfly. According to the researches, it has been viewed that assessment of risks might be exposed leading towards the toxic impact of Bt -corn on milkweed along with the population of monarch butterflies. This toxic impact ultimately benefits the farmers as well as the agricultural ecosystem by a considerable level. The other significant impact of Bt-corn on individual agri

The Stop Online Piracy Act Essay Example for Free

The Stop Online Piracy Act Essay The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and the Protect IP-Act (PIPA) is a bill that Congress are trying to pass in order to illegalize downloading and streaming movies and/or T. V shows; however the two legislation has Internet users in fear about censorship. Congress claims that companies and organizations are losing revenue from users who illegally download copyrighted programs and entertainment. Internet users state, this permits the government to disable freedom of speech and innovation, while enabling the government to censor and watch in the entire Internet for infringing content. The reason why SOPA and PIPA came about was due to companies annoyed with stolen content- which has proponents and opponents in a heated debate. Prior to SOPA and PIPA, there were two other bills that had the same foundation but did not pass. PIPA was first called, Combating Online Infringement (COICA) that failed in 2010. The re-written legislation had come back as PIPA to the Senate on May 12, 2011 by Senators Patrick Leahy, Orrin Hatch and Chuck Grassley. The second bill SOPA, was legislation that had been first been introduced as the Pro-IP Act in 2008 however failed. Then on October 26, 2011 SOPA was presented to the U. S. House of Representatives by Representative Lamar Smith. Creative America which is considered, the entertainment community, who basically own all the entertainment companies is the largest supporters of PIPA and SOPA. Creative America is comprised of many companies like The Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA. ) On top of the MPAA: The Screen Actors Guild, The American Federation of TV and Radio Artists are pro-SOPA and PIPA. Even the music label companies are out to support, as well as the music publishers associations, and a long list of publishing houses who also support the acts. These companies have been estimated of paying100 million dollars on lobbyist in 2011 to pass these bills in order to protect their copyrights. SOPA and PIPA are two bills that work in conjunction of each other. Proponents claim, copyright holders are permitted to sue all domains that have their patent infringed whether or not their origin is from the U. S.  First corporations will create a hit list of websites who they feel are violating their copyright polices, then the corporation will be able to contact the websites payment processors to force them to cut their ties to whomever is infringing their copyrights. This will give the website five days to act before being shut down. The government will allow immunity to payment networks that comply with the bill, plus take recognition to sites that severely cut ties. Copyright holders who knowingly misrepresent a website for infringing copyrights will have to pay for all damages occurred. Opponents believe that SOPA and PIPA must not pass due to the domino effect it will create. Internet users are in fear that it will block freedom of speech. Many argue that the Internet cannot have any censorship because it violates Americans first amendment. These two bills will enable the U. S. Attorney General access to watch all Internet domains. The Internet Service Provider (ISP) will have to give up all information to the government when asked. Whats unfair is the government would not fund ISP even though they would be there minion. Moreover, other countries will follow suit, thus creating no access to foreign websites. Another issue is when a person posts someones intellectual content without permission, the website will have be shut down. All Internet users are in fear that this stifles innovation. A way that this stifles innovation is if someone posts on a blog of an article that features a logo or trademark of a corporation to use as a teaching method, the corporation can dislike the display and the blog can be shut down. Because SOPA and PIPA are so vague, it can be manipulated to the corporations advantage and be found true. If this bill was around when the Internet was first made, then there would have never been any websites like Youtube, Facebook, Twitter, Dropbox etc. because those sites will be liable for any person that violates the two bills. Due to the Acts liability, those companies wont last one minute without being sued. For example, Youtube created a new trend of letting their users upload their version of an artists song known as a, cover song. If the two bills were to pass, this will disable users to gain any attention to the music industry which can stop any discovery of the next biggest artist. January 18, 2012 was the day these two bills went to Congress for voting. Companies like Reddit, GoDaddy. com, Wiki, etc. went black in protest of the two bills. Many sites directed Internet users to sign a petition and to call or email the House of Representative- for the state the user resides in. Voices were heard and many supporters understood the vague thought of the two bills and backed out, thereby SOPA and PIPA didnt pass. Even if the bill did pass, it would have done little to stop pirating because the criminals who want to download illegal content will only need the IP address in order to reach the supposedly blocked sites. Criminals will find a way to get pass the Acts, thus making challenges for companies who want to follow the law waste time worrying about the implications of SOPA and PIPA. Although the opponents made sure that SOPA and PIPA didnt pass, Internet users know there is a problem with stolen intellectual property; however SOPA and PIPA was not the answer.

Swot Analysis In Terms Of Strength Marketing Essay

Swot Analysis In Terms Of Strength Marketing Essay PapaRich is a moderm kopitiam that serves quality coffee and asian delicacies at affordable Malaysian prices. PappaRich kopitiam has multiplied from one kopitiam to 41 shops around Malaysia, one in Hong Kong and one in Singapore. Thailand would be a good market for PappaRich to enter because Thailands GDP by sectors show as high as 45% for service industry. This clearly shows us that PappaRich can invest in Thailand to serve the community with Malaysian authentic, classic, and timeless kopitiam meals. Using the SWOT analysis, in terms of strength, the PappaRich serves the community with Malaysians kopitiam meals with affordable prices with a classic coffee shop ambience. In terms of opportunities, economically the GDP and inflation rate has been steadily increasing in recent years. Interest rate fell sharply due to the US financial crisis. The Thai Baht appreciated against MYR and a result of that, the revenue generated in Thailand comparatively to the Malaysian Ringgit would be higher. The weakness for PappaRich to go into Thailand which is the food that PappaRich is serving might not be accepted by the locals. Besides that, the threats to the company are the political instability due to street protests. PappaRichs success as of today is due to its successful differentiation business level strategy to set them apart from other companies from the same FB industry. PappaRich focuses on the quality of their product and keeping it consistent throughout all their outlets. Furthermore, the ambience is what captivated the consumers and made them regular customers in PappaRich. The best way for PappaRich to enter the Thailand market is the franchising market entry strategy. To become a successful FB franchisors that can go nation, PappaRich (the franchisee) can sell the franchisors trade mark, product or services, or trade name and benefits from the franchisors help and support in Thailand market. In return, the franchisee from Thailand need to pays an initial fee to PappaRich and then a percentage of the sales revenue. In cultural analysis, there are five areas to be concerned, the cultural analysis of Thailand and Malaysia is shown respectively; PDI 64;104, IDV 20;26. MAS 34;50, UAI 64;36, LTO 56. This is further elaborated in the pages to come. 2.0 Introduction Many years ago, to enjoy a classic kopitiam meal in Malaysia, such as half-boiled eggs, toasted bread with kaya and butter, and a cup of coffee, one will have to travel many miles back to their hometown. Kopitiam is a traditional breakfast and coffee shop found in South East Asia. Since the establishment of PappaRich in 2006, one need not go the distance. PappaRich is a modern kopitiam that serves quality coffee and asian delicacies at affordable Malaysian prices. In four years, the string of PappaRich kopitiams have multiplied from one kopitiam in Selayang Mall to 41 shops around Malaysia, one in Hong Kong and one in Singapore. It has emerged as a formidable player in the local and food beverage chain. PappaRichs philosophy is to serve authentic, classic and timeless kopitiam meals, the traditional Malaysian style where the locals can mix and mingle in the ambience of a relaxing atmosphere with a sense of belonging. In Thailand, PappaRich intends to serve the Thai community the same philosophy it currently serves the Malaysian community. As there are not many kopitiams in Thailand that serves authentic Malaysian coffeeshop-styled cuisine, PappaRich intends to venture into Thailand by becoming one of the pioneers in serving the authentic Malaysian coffeeshop-styled cuisine. As seen in the diagram on the left, the services industry holds a 45% stake of the total market share for GDP composition in Thailand. Examples of the services industry include the tourism sector and the FB sector. Due to the high stake of the services industry in Thailands GDP percentage, investing in PappaRich in Thailand may be a wise investment choice. Furthermore, potential customers from the tourism sector would be an added advantage to the company into raking in more potential revenue. 3.0 Situation Analysis 3.1 SWOT Analysis 3.2 Strengths As mentioned in the introduction, PappaRichs philosophy is to to serve authentic, classic and timeless kopitiam meals, the traditional Malaysian style where the locals can mix and mingle in the ambience of a relaxing atmosphere with a sense of belonging. This concept is a major strength in branding the kopitiam brand in Thailand as there arent many affordable restaurants in Thailand that serve traditional kopitiam meals. This places PappaRich as one of the pioneers into introducing the cuisine to the Thai locals. Furthermore, it will further strengthen its reputation as being one of the most original and authentic kopitiam in Thailand. Another major strength of the company is its emphasis on clientele service. In the FB industry, it is important to note that service is one of the main priorities in differentiating a good restaurant and a bad one. Thus, PappaRich places much emphasis on its clientele service to not only lure first-time or one-time customers but reoccurring customers, over and over again. 3.3 Weaknesses A major setback that hinders the kopitiam business into the Thai market is the different taste buds between the Thai and Malaysians. Only the adventurous ones may venture out of their comfort zone into eating Malaysian kopitiam cuisine. Furthermore, street food is popular and cheap in Thailand, thus the locals may not be very willing to pay extra for Malaysian food. Besides that, PappaRich and the kopitiam concept is a rather new brand in the region, and thus may acquire more time to be familiarised by the locals. Also, the management style used in Malaysia may not be applicable to the culture of the locals and thus, new management style may have to be devised to suit the employees in Thailand. 3.4 Opportunities and Threats In recent years, Thailand has been politically unstable due to street protests and riots. It is important to note that such political instability is a major disadvantage to the business. This is because, the employees of the company may engage themselves into the protests that halts production and services of the restaurant. Furthermore, a demonstration will hinder potential customers from leaving their homes to eat out as they may fear for their safety. An improvement of technology has both pros and cons to the setting up of the new company. It can improve the cooking standards of the restaurant as better kitchen equipments are purchased to monitor the quality of the food. Furthermore, improvement of the equipments may reduce cooking time that increases efficiency. In time, more customers can be served and profit can be increased. However so, an improvement in technology can bring about an increase in capital cost due to expensive kitchen equipments. As seen in the graph above, the GDP rate of Thailand has been steadily increasing in the last couple of years. However, during the US financial crisis in 2009, there has been a slight fall in GDP. It may be wise to hold back the venturing of the business into Thailand for a couple of months to ensure the stability of the market. During the 2009 US financial crisis, the inflation rate went negative, to as low as -4 showing a shrink of the economy. However so, in 2010, Thailand has begun to pick up the pace and shows that there has been a boost in the economy. As the consumers expectation and confidence is strengthened, Papparich can start investing into Thailand. Unemployment rate has been steadily decreasing over the years. As unemployment falls, more people in the community will have income to spend on goods. As such, it is a good idea to invest into Thailand. Hopefully, when the company decides to invest in the country, there will be people to be employed as staffs. A fall in interest rates in recent years is an advantage as we can apply for loans at low interest rates to set up restaurants in the country. This will encourage more franchising options. Comparitively, the Baht rose 0.115% against the MYR. There are both pros and cons to this situation. Pro, the revenue generated in Thailand comparitively to the MYR would be higher and the con, more money will have to be pumped into Thailand to set up the restaurant, comparitively to the MYR 4.0 Business Level Strategy In order to measure the feasibility of Thailand as a strategic location for expansion, we have to look into the business level strategy of PappaRich. Every organization has a competitive strategy to plan how it will compete in its business and this applies to PappaRich as well. PappaRich is a food beverages (FB) industry that focuses on serving quality authentic traditional Malaysian delicacies at affordable prices and that is their competitive advantage and what sets them apart other regular kopitiam. Aside from that, the ambience of PappaRich has also been one of their greatest assets as the decorated surroundings are chilling and hence many people would choose to go to PappaRich to enjoy one of their specialty; coffee made from locally roasted coffee bean while catching up with friends and family. Theyre also located everywhere as they have over 41 outlets in Malaysia as of today and this brings great convenience to their customers as the nearest outlet is just around the neighbourhood. This is PappaRichs aim in their investment into the Thai market as well that people would have a pleasant experience every time they set foot in PappaRich. With Michael Porters five forces model, managers can determine and control the rules of completion and create a sustainable competitive advantage. Firstly, PappaRich is an FB industry with barrier to entry; PappaRich must comply with the standard set by the Thai government in its policy, the high level of capital needed for investment may be hard to acquire as the result of the recent US financial crisis and also the brand identity may be unknown to most consumers as it is new in the market. Furthermore, economies of scale may also be another barrier to entry for PappaRich as existing companies in Thailand enjoys low cost of production due to this factor and there is no way PappaRich could compete with them in short term period. If PappaRich were to venture into the Thai market, it might face substitute companies such Hailam Kopitiam, Station 1 caf and Old Town Kopitiam and Madam Kwan which are also strong growing FB companies with similar business concept that may also be trying to expand internationally to Thailand as well. Not to mention, the substitute companies that are already in Thailand such as Coffee Bean and Starbucks. However, in terms of bargaining power, many consumers would choose PappaRich over Starbucks for coffee as the price is more affordable in PappaRich. The supplier also plays an important role in determining the feasibility of PappaRich as a good investment opportunity in Thailand as supplier determines the cost of operating and this will affect the total profit of the business. PappaRich can get their supply of raw material from suppliers such as President Rice Products Public Co. Ltd, Siam Future Farm and Exotic Food Co. Ltd. Lastly, the current rivalries that are already in Thailand would also affect the profitability of PappaRich if it were to venture into Thailand as it is a very competitive industry and the competitions are intense. In terms of the target market of PappaRich, it would target the middle income group of consumers as the prices are moderate. It would not fully use the cost leadership strategy which refers to the basis of having the lowest cost in the industry as there are many other companies that have comparable price ranges with PappaRich. Also, PappaRich is a contemporary classy type of coffee shop with required standard of decoration which further increase their cost and this doesnt comply with the low cost leader strategy. In fact, PappaRichs success as of today is due of its successful differentiation strategy to set them apart from other companies from the same FB industry. PappaRich focus on the quality of their product and keeping it consistent throughout all their outlets. Furthermore, the ambience is what captivated the consumers and made them regular customers in PappaRich. 5.0 Market Entry Strategy Expanding a company to new market can increase the sale, brand awareness and achieve business stability. To entering new market, we need to study the size of the country, number of opportunities and sheer geographical size. Besides that a proper market entry strategy requires market research so to give us a vision about the existence opportunity, understand the competitive landscape and see who are our potential customers. Foreign market entry can be done via four mechanisms which are exporting, licensing, joint venture, and franchising. Exporting is the most traditional way to go into foreign market by direct sale of the domestic-products to the country. This can be done through an export intermediary such as commissioned agents and trading companies. Exporting do not require the goods or product must be produce in the target country therefore there is no necessary to invest in foreign facilities. PappaRich is a FB business through serving Malaysian Traditional Delight at their outlets cafe. This mechanism is not suitable for PappaRich extend to Thailand because they are providing service but not produce goods. Licensing is an essential permit to enter a new market. A license is a legal contract to run a business. The licensee is about to pay a fee of exchange for the right to use the property of licensor such as trademarks , patents , and production techniques . For PappaRich, the licensing support comes in the form of outlet setup, outlets designs, menu and recipe of PappaRich, chef and waiters training by experienced Pappa licensing trainers. Joint venture is a legal entity formed when two parties equally invest in terms of money,time and effort on the same project. Basically joint venture happen when one individual want to extend his business to nation while he has no enough of capital to do so and need to find a partner from the target country to run the project together. The joint venture may be an easier first-step for PappaRich to extend to Thailand before go to franchising. PappaRich can reduce the entry risk by using Thailand partners assets through joint venture. Besides, the inadequate knowledge of legal environment can be solve. Through joint venture, PappaRich can start the business at little or no costs. Franchising is another form of licensing. Franchise occurs when the franchisor grants a licence to the franchisee to use their business idea. To become a successful FB franchisors that can go nation, Papparich (the franchisee) can sell the franchisors trade mark, product or services, or trade name and benefits from the franchisors help and support in Thailand market. In return, the franchisee from Thailand need to pays an initial fee to PappaRich and then a percentage of the sales revenue. In a conclusion, we found that franchising is the best way for PappaRich to go into Thailand market as Papparich is FB industry which gives servicing to community. 6.0 Cultural analysis Diagram 1 Country PDI IDV MAS UAI LTO Malaysia 104 26 50 36 Thailand 64 20 34 64 56 Table 1 6.1 Power Distance Index (PDI) Hofstedes PDI measures the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations accept and expect that power is distributed unequally (Geert HofstedeCultural dimensions). On the scale, Malaysia has a score of 104 and Thailand 64. Thailand does not have a large gap between the wealthy and the poor, but have a strong belief in equality for each citizen. Thailand has the opportunity to rise in society compared to Malaysia. Malaysian employees see their managers as being far more superior to them and perceive them as unapproachable. This attitude gives the managers a sense of superiority and empowerment. In Thailand however, people view themselves more as equals hence there is a lot more communication between the employees and managers. 6.2 Individualism Individualism is the one side versus its opposite, collectivism, that is the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups (Geert HofstedeCultural dimensions). Thailands and Malaysias IDV is at 20 and 26 respectively. A low score, as Thailand and Malaysia has, indicates the society is more of a collectivist than an individualist. This manifest in a close long-term commitment to the member group, is that a family, extended family, or extended relationships. Loyalty in a collectivist culture is paramount, and over-rides most other societal rules and regulations. The society fosters strong relationships where everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their group. Therefore in Individualism, it can be said that Thailand and Malaysia stands almost the same. Employees in both countries are very team orientated; therefore the managers do not need to make any changes. 6.3 Masculinity Masculinity versus its opposite, femininity refers to the distribution of roles between the genders which is another fundamental issue for any society to which a range of solutions are found. Thailand has the lowest masculinity ranking among the Asian countries listed at 34, while Malaysia is listed at 50, compared to the Asian average of 53 and the World average of 50. This lower level is indicative of a society with less assertiveness and competitiveness, as compared to one where these values are considered more important and significant. This situation also reinforces more traditional male and female roles within the population. Therefore it can be said that Malaysia is doing better than Thailand in terms of assertiveness and competitiveness. Thailand should improve in this area in order to continue to compete. Malaysians tend to be a bit more to being assertive and aggressive while Thai employees are more laid back and more accepting of feminine traits. Therefore managers from Thailand have to be stricter in order for their employees to be more efficient. 6.4 Uncertainty avoidance index UAI deals with a societys tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity; it ultimately refers to mans search for truth. It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations (Peruvian Attitude On UAI) The UAI indicates the societys low level of tolerance for uncertainty. In an effort to minimize or reduce this level of uncertainty, regulations are adopted and implemented. The ultimate goal of this population is to control everything in order to eliminate or avoid the unexpected. As a result of this high UAI characteristic, the society does not readily accept change and is very risk adverse. The Thailand rank of 64 is slightly higher than the Asian average of 58 while Malaysia is slightly below average of 36. It can be said that Malaysia is doing quite well while Thailand should start to accept change and implement policies to control everything. The Malaysian managers in Thailand will have to change the way they manage their employees and actually put into place more guidelines and rules to get the best out of their Thai employees. 6.5 Long-Term Orientation Long-Term Orientation is the fifth dimension of Hofstede which was added after the original four to try to distinguish the difference in thinking between the East and West, defined as the degree to which one plans for and considers the future, as well as values traditions of the past.( Making Sense of Cross Cultural Communication) Below are some characteristics of the two opposing sides of this dimension: Long term orientation: -persistence -ordering relationships by status and observing this order -thrift -having a sense of shame Short term orientation: -personal steadiness and stability -protecting your face -respect or tradition -reciprocation of greetings, favors, and gifts Thailand measure a middle ranking being listed at 56 while Malaysia has no measures of LTO therefore no comparison can be made between both countries. 7.0 Recommendation Based on both SWOT analysis and Porters competitive force framework, it is the right decision to further the investment of PappaRich Group Sdn. Bhd to Thailand as it has the qualities and potential to penetrate into Thailands market. PappaRich is a modern kopitiam that serves quality coffee and asian delicacies that is currently doing very well in Malaysia. However in Thailand, PappaRich intends to serve the Thai community the same philosophy it currently serves the Malaysian community. As there are not many kopitiams in Thailand that serves authentic Malaysian coffeeshop-styled cuisine, PappaRich intends to venture into Thailand by becoming one of the pioneers in serving the authentic Malaysian coffeeshop-styled cuisine as well as Thailands own authentic delicacies. Setting up a food industry in Thailand is certainly a wise investment as services industry holds a 45% stake of the total market share for GDP composition in Thailand. Besides that Thailand has a lot advance in the improvement of technology, this can improve the cooking standards of the restaurant, and better equipment in the kitchen which will enhance efficiency and improve in the quality of the food and drinks. In addition, after the 2009 US financial crisis, Thailand has begun to pick up the pace and shows that there has been a boost in the economy. As the consumers expectation and confidence is strengthened, Papparich can start investing into Thailand. Based on the cultural analysis by Hofstedes framework, by comparing PDI, IDV, MAS, UAI, and LTO, the employees and managers in Thailand are more team orientated, more laid back and more accepting of feminine traits, and dominant. The type of managers in Thailand will be suitable to handle PappaRich, although they are not perfect, they are trainings available to improve their standards to achieve better efficiency and to increase productivity. PappaRich is slowly being recognised globally as it has build up a good reputation internationally in countries like Singapore and Hong Kong. Referring to the market entry strategy, requires market research so to give us a vision about the existence opportunity, understand the competitive landscape and see who our potential customers are. Foreign market entry can be done via four mechanisms which are exporting, licensing, joint venture, and franchising. The strategies of exporting, licensing, joint venture, and franchising have to be done efficiently in order to enter a new market. Lastly, based on Michael Porters five forces model in the business level strategy, managers can determine and control the rules of completion and create a sustainable competitive advantage. PappaRich is an FB industry with barrier to entry and it requires high level of capital to start up the business. Besides that the brand identity of PappaRich might not be well known in Thailand, it faces substitute companies that are already in Thailand such as Coffee Bean and Starbucks. However, in terms of bargaining power, many consumers would choose PappaRich over Starbucks for coffee as the price is more affordable in PappaRich. The supplier also plays an important role in determining the feasibility of PappaRich as a good investment opportunity in Thailand as supplier determines the cost of operating and this will affect the total profit of the business so maintaining a good relationship with the supplier will definitely give and advantage to the company. The investment to Thailand is a goo d choice as PappaRich focus on the quality of their product and keeping it consistent throughout all their outlets. Furthermore, the ambience has also captivated the consumers and made them regular customers in PappaRich. 8.0 Conclusion After much evaluation from the swot analysis, business level, market entry strategy and the cultural analysis, it is concluded that Thailand is a good choice of investment location for PappaRich to venture into internationally. It can also be one of the pioneers of Malaysian food cuisine in Thailand as there are very few coffee shops that serve authentic Malaysian delights in Thailand as of today. Thailands increasing GDP is also another attraction to investment in Thailand as it shows the stability of the economy and the higher expected return on profit because of the appreciation in Thai Baht against Malaysian Ringgit if PappaRich were to venture into Thailand. Other advantages in investing into Thailand include attracting the locals in Thailand to experience new and different culture and delicacies. Furthermore, this provides Malaysian in Thailand a taste of their hometown within reach. Although there are many advantages in investing in Thailand, there ought to be some setback on the investment too and they are such as the political instability of the country which may hinder the operation of the business if the employees were to go on riot. Moreover, the political situation in Thailand may also cause the consumers to be fearful of leaving the house to dine out as it is unsafe. Lastly, from the uncertainty avoidance index, it has shown that Thailand is rank 64 while average in all other countries are at 58, this means that Thailand is very risk adverse and do not like any changes in their countries so they would have very strict policies and laws regarding foreign investment being parked in their country.

A Conceptual Study on HR in Special Reference Essay

ABSTRACT In the present globalized era the environmental changes took place very frequently. So if an organization wants to compete in the cut throat competition they have to cope up with these changes. In the past several decades, technology has had a dramatic impact on human resource management (HRM) processes and practices. For example, technology, especially the World Wide Web, has helped modify many HR processes including human resource planning, recruitment, selection, performance management, work flow, and compensation. These new systems have enabled HR professionals to provide better service to all of their stakeholders (e.g. Customers, Shareholders, Suppliers, Government, Employees etc) and reduced the administrative burden in the field. Despite the widespread use of these systems, there has been a surprising dearth of theory and research on the topic. As a result, the purpose of this special issue is to (a) Human Resource Information System, (b) advance theory and research on human resource management systems (HRMS) and electronic human resource management (eHRM), and (c) Enhance the effectiveness of these systems in organizations. As a result, this article reviews the evolution of HRIS and provides a brief overview of the existing literature, and introduces the article in the special issue. â€Å"HRIS is a management system designed specifically to provide managers with information to make HR decisions.† In the present vast knowledge economy information is power. For efficient management of human assets, HR professional requires accurate and timely data on Recruitment & Selection, Training and Development, Human Resource Planning etc so the aim of paper is to present a conceptual knowledge of HRIS and to explore the impact of information system on HR performance. Key words:- HRM, HRIS, eHRM, HRMS, Stakeholders 1. INTRODUCTION Since the emergence of the internet throughout the world around 1995, many business functions have been transformed. After dealing with accounting, finance and marketing, many companies are shifted their attentions to find a better way of monitoring their Human Resource Management (HRM). Many companies are transforming their HRM functions from manual workflow to computerized workflow. Computers have made the tasks of analyzing the tremendous amount of human resource data into a simple task. Computer hardware, software and data base help organizations maintain and retrieve human resource better and simpler. According to Gara (2001) and Walker (1982), a Human Resource Information System (HRIS) will help organizations â€Å"keep an accurate, complete, updated data base that can be retrieve when needed from reports and manuals.† Then Tannenbaum (1990) defines an HRIS as a system that will acquire, store, manipulate, analyze, retrieve and distribute information about an organization’s human resources. Kavanagh et al. (1990) defined HRIS as â€Å"a system used to acquire, store, manipulate, analyze, retrieve and distribute information about an organization’s human resources. An HRIS is not simply computer hardware and associated HR-related software. Although an HRIS includes hardware and software, it also includes people, forms, policies and procedures and data†. HRIS is a key management tool which collects, maintain, analyses and reports information on people and jobs. It is a system because it integrates all the relevant data, which otherwise might have been lying in a fragmented and scattered way at various points ion the larger system; converts this data in to meaningful conclusions or information and makes it accessible to the persons, who need it for their decisions. It is a concept which utilizes the development of Information Technology for effective management of the HR functions and applications. HRIS helps organizations in managing all HR information. It helps in recoding and analyzing employees and organizational information and documents, such as employee handbook, emergency evacuation and safety procedures. The nature of HRIS varies among organizations in relation to their size. In small organizations, it tends to be informal whereas in large organizations, it is more formal and coordinated. Lengnick-Hall and Moritz prompt HRIS to be implemented at three different levels: †¢ The publishing of information †¢ The automation of transactions †¢ Transformation of HR into a strategic partner with the line business 2. HRIS – Why it is needed? †¢ Storing information and data for each individual employee. †¢ Providing a basis for planning, decision making, controlling and other human resource functions. †¢ Meeting daily transactional requirements such as marking absent and present and granting leave. †¢ Supplying data and submitting returns to government and other statutory agencies. †¢ Building organizational capabilities. †¢ Job design and organizational structure. †¢ Increasing size of workforce. †¢ Technological advances †¢ Computerized information system †¢ Changes in legal environment 3. COMPONENTS OF HRIS There are three major functional components of HRIS : †¢ Input function – It enters personnel information into the HRIS. Data entry in the past had been one way, but today, scanning technology permits scanning and storage of actual image of an original document, including signatures and handwritten notes. †¢ Maintenance function – It updates and adds new data to the database after data have been entered into the HRIS. †¢ Output function – It is the most visible function of HRIS. In order to generate valuable output for computer users, HRIS processes output, makes necessary calculations and formats the presentation. It should be noted that most important elements of HRIS are not the computers, rather, the information. So, the components of HRIS should support validity, reliability and utility of information. 4. HRIS APPLICATIONS AND UTILITIES Personnel administration – It will encompass information about each employee, such as name address, personal details etc. Salary administration – Salary review procedure are important function of HRM, a good HRIS system must be able to perform what if analysis and present the reports Of changes. Leave and absence recording — Essentially be able to provide comprehensive method of controlling leave/absences. Skill inventory – It is also used to store record of acquired skills and monitor the skill database both employee and organizational level. Performance appraisal — The system should record individual employee performance, appraisal data, such as due date of appraisal, scores etc. Human resource planning — HRIS should record details of the organizational requirements in terms of positions Recruitment — Record details of recruitment activities such as cost and method of recruitment and time to fill the position etc. Career planning – System must be able to provide with succession plans reports to identify which employee have been earmarked for which position. Collective bargaining — A computer terminal can be positioned in the conference room linked to database. This will expedite negotiations by readily providing up to date data based on facts and figures and not feelings and fictions. THE HRIS MODEL [pic] 5. CONTRIBUTE VALUES TO HR THROUGH HRIS: HRIS serves two major purposes in organizations: HR ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATIONAL ROLE: The first purpose of an HRIS is to improve the efficiency with which data on employees and HR activities is compiled. Many HR activities can be performed more efficiently and with less paperwork if automated. HR STRATEGIC ROLE: The second purpose of an HRIS is more strategic and related to HR planning. Having accessible data enables HR planning and managerial decision making to be based to a greater degree on information rather than relying on managerial perception and intuition. 6. HRIS IMPLEMENTATION: Implementing anything is part of project Management. Implementing HRIS in organization is a big activity which require support of many stakeholders such functional, HRIT S, IT Vendor and project manager. Implementation can be divided into given below parts. †¢ Need Analysis. †¢ Vendor Selection. †¢ Process Mapping and complete data gathering. †¢ Creation/Deployment of HRIS application in Test server. †¢ Testing by sample users. †¢ Pre-deployment training to users. †¢ Deployment of HRIS in production. †¢ Post Training and Support. †¢ Feedback. 7. BENEFITS OF HRIS When the administrative tasks and processes of any human resources department become overwhelmed, the most appropriate solution would be to implement the human resources information system. Common administrative functions that involve filling reports and completing paperwork take up a lot of time of the human resource department and this is where the HRIS comes in. Many businesses nowadays are now realizing the importance of HRIS and using the software to increase the efficiency of the whole company. The following are some of the major benefits of HRIS. a. Improves productivity The HRIS systems assist in enhancing both the productivity and workflow of the human resource department. This is because, all the data is usually collected and placed in a central database. This is very beneficial since data is going to be very easily retrieved from the database. b. Saves time Through reducing the total amount of time spent on the administrative functions, human resource employees are able to focus on other essential duties. For example, they can carry out other productive functions like creating presentations, training staff members, succession planning and recruiting since they have enough time due to the HRIS system. c. Improves communication with the employees HRIS creates a database that each employee has access to and thus you will be able to communicate better with your employees through the network. It also has email scheduling capabilities that make it very efficient in terms of assigning jobs to various employees in a very short period of time. d. Creates self-service options Due to the fact that all the relevant information concerning the company or business is placed in large database, the employees can be able to access useful information without having to spend a lot of time going from one office to the next. At the same time, it is very easy to update the information in the database for proper administration. The only disadvantage is that important data concerning your company might be stolen particularly nowadays where there is a great increase in cyber crime. 8. THE CHALLENGES OF INDUCING HRIS SOFTWARE INCLUDES: Selecting right HRIS vendor: The selection of software vendor is the most critical of all the decisions. A successful ERP vendor is not always the best provider of an HR solution. A vendor with experience of developing most of the solutions related to human resource, whether in the personnel or talent management domains or other processes associated with HR offers a better choice, and if such a vendor has the strength of utilizing latest technology & a vision to perceive the future needs of HR fraternity, he may rate the highest on the scale. Mere branding of the products does not necessarily mean quality, though it does carry a higher price tag. Moreover, a vendor providing complex solutions, for which special skills may be needed for initial data entry, maintenance & creation of management reports, need not be rated high. If HRIS software can not configure the existing workflows in an organization and wants the user to adapt to the Vendor HR processes, it is likely to be heavy both on training time & costs and may also gather resistance to its usage at the grass root level. A dedicated and customer oriented vendor will move a mile extra to map all client processes on his solution and indicate well in advance the extent of customization required. He may even introduce a set of best practices provided by his solution but leave their adoption to the client. A good HRIS vendor is conscious of the cost but always sells quality. Onus of responsibility – There is a misconception that introduction of HRIS can relieve HR Manager of all responsibilities. To large extent, HRIS can free up HR Manager from transactional tasks. However, it also brings with it a new set of responsibilities to ensure that the software is being used and implemented correctly. The onus of co-operating with the software vendor and ensuring successful deployment lies with the client HR manager. Over expectations – Due to overstress on the benefits of HRIS software, partially by the media and partially by the marketing departments of software vendors, organizations have developed larger-than-life expectations from the software solutions. When the solutions are unable to deliver these over-expectations, the clients tend to lose confidence in the vendors. The only way out is either pre-sales discussions or a clear statement of user expectations in the form of a Request for Proposal (RFP) document, to which the vendor responds as per the strengths of his solution, including the additional effort required for customization, if the same is technically feasible. Resistance to change – Employees at the client location are attitudinally inclined to use only the existing system. They enjoy the loopholes in the processes, moreso the inability of a manual system to track progress. Therefore, they offer great resistance to change, especially if the change calls for the acquisition of new skills by the employee. Their resistance to change leads to lack of enthusiasm and co-operation in successfully implementing software systems. The onus of responsibility for change management lies entirely with the client, but some vendors do offer HR consultancy as a supplement to their solutions. Training Requirements – HRIS software may have a completely new interface, large number of functions and specially configured workflows. It may demand users to exhibit some level of expertise in understanding the technology solution. When faced with the new software, user experiences anxiety and may display discomfort in using the system. Such discomfort can result in remaining ignorant of various features, thereby denying to yourself the benefit of full exploitation of the software. A good software vendor can resolve this issue by providing on the system training to key personnel and prepare them as torch bearers. He would also provide sufficient on-line help features to all the users. Configuration and Data transformation – Configuring software to an organization’s need and transferring data from existing database to new HRIS is another issue that needs to be handled carefully. The existing data may be either on paper or excel files or in some other form of database. Due to ignorance by employees at client location, the data may not enter the new system in the desired manner, thus obstructing the smooth and efficient functioning of the system, besides creating an inventory of bugs. Best solution to this malady is for the Vendor to obtain data from the client as per a standard template, validate it with a program and consider initial data entry as a service provided to the customer. Software Errors and Bugs – Bugs, error and opportunities for improvement are integral part of software. Expecting HR Software to be picture-perfect and without any errors/ omissions is unfair. These bugs need not scare people since these can be resolved through mutual co-operation between the vendor and client. Once settled, they do not reappear.However, if new bugs surface with higher levels of exploitation of the software, these should be taken as encouraging signals both by the client and the vendor. Work Flow Changes – When you install HRIS software, you also install some innovative globally accepted HR practices and workflows. If you have these practices for the first time, some of the members in your organization may not feel comfortable with the changes, especially the change of work flow. Such changes should be handled very carefully as they can have significant emotional impact on the team members. HR should be ready to award benefit of doubt to the members who suffer a negative impact due to these changes and allow ample time for the new workflows to set in. You need preference and commitment to introduce systems. Remember this if you are keen to implement HR software solutions. 9. CONCLUSION: HRIS has a very wide scope in developing countries. It is applied in personnel administration, salary administration, leave/absence recording, skill inventory, medical history, performance appraisal, training and development, HR Planning, recruitment, career planning, negotiation etc. It is very important for an organization to clearly identify its system requirements before implementing HRIS. This would enable to decide the appropriate level of sophistication of HRIS and would lead to optimal utilization of scarce resource. HRIS database should be used as a single source of all information. This would lead to the development of an integrated HRIS platform for the whole organization. In today’s corporate world human resources has come to play a very critical role. Whether it concerns the hiring and firing of employees or whether it concerns employee motivation, the Human Resources department of any organization now enjoys a very central role in not only formulating company policies. A complete HRIS links all human resources data from the time professionals enter pre- service training to when they leave the workforce. Continuous monitoring and evaluation is vital in determining what an HRIS is accomplishing, what needs to be improved and whether results are being achieved. In future, Human Resource Professionals will be more dependent on higher level and integrated HRIS approaches in order to support more complex as well as free forms of organizations. 10. REFERENCES: 1. Prof. Bhavsar C. Anil, â€Å" A conceptual paper on HRIS † vol.1,Issue.v/Nov.2011pp.1-4. 2. Gara,S.J.(2001). â€Å"How an HRIS can impact HR: a complete paradigm shift for the 21st century. Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) White Paper, Retrieved November 11, 2002, from http://www.shrm.org/whitepeper/documents/default.asp?page=63001.asp 3. Kovach, K.A., & Cathcart, C.E. (1999). â€Å"Human resource information systems: providing business with rapid data access, information exchange and strategic advantage.† Public Personnel Management, 28 (2), 275-282. 4. Tannenbaum, S. I. (1990). HRIS: user group implications. Journal of Systems Management, 41 (1), 27-32. 5. Walker, A. J. (1982). HRIS Development: A Project Team Guide to Building and Effective Personal Information System. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. 6. Lengnick-Hall, Mark L. and Moritz Steve (2003), â€Å"The Impact of e-HR on the Human Resource Management Function†, Journal of Labor Research. 24(3), pp. 365-379. BOOKS 1. Hilkka Poutanen, DEVELOPING THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF GOOD LEADERSHIP, Acta Univ. Oul. A 553, 2010, ISBN 978-951-42-6171-8 (Paperback). 2. Mohan Thite & Michael J. Kavanagh, Evolution of Human Resource Management and Human Resource Information Systems† The Role of Information Technology†, TMH. 3. Michael D. Bedell, Michael Canniff & Cheryl Wyrick, Systems Considerations in the Design of an HRIS â€Å"Planning for Implementation†, TMH