Spy Software Essay - 1310 Words

Spy Software Summary Spy software, or spyware, is software that records information and or activity on a computer and then sends the information to the person or company that installed it. While these programs have been around since the early days of Windows, there has been a recent wave of newer applications of them. The newer programs far outstrip their predecessors in what they do, who installs them, and how they are used. So what exactly do these programs do, who installs them, and should they be a cause for concern? The list of spyware programs is long and growing longer by the day. Investigator, Spector, and Cyber Snoop are some of the more well known ones, but there are countless others. Some common features include†¦show more content†¦Case Study: AudioGalaxy and VX2 AudioGalaxy bundled an ad program from Onflow for a period of approximately 34 days in late 2001. VX2 was a subprogram within the Onflow software that buried itself into the internet browser of the host computer and then went to work. It would randomly ‘pop-up’ advertisements while the user was surfing, and then send information back to VX2 corporation. All of this was done without the users knowledge, in fact the user was not notified that the program was even installed. The editor of Portal of Evil discovered VX2 while trying to eliminate pop-up ads from his website. Further investigation into the company revealed next to nothing. Emails went unanswered, and there was no other way to contact VX2. The privacy policy on VX2’s website basically says that it does not respect the users privacy, which does not inspire trust or confidence in them. â€Å"vx2s Software also uses artificial intelligence to discern and collect name and address information from online forms that you fill out. We use this information to allow our partners to reach you with personalized and targeted offers and advertisements that are relevant to your interests. We may also contact you directly ourselves with such offers.† - VX2 Privacy Policy In normal English this means that the program will take information from forms you fill out, such as: name, address, phone number, email address.Show MoreRelatedMalware And Its Effects On Computers1029 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the most significant threats to computers today is malicious software. Malicious software, also known as malware, is defined as any unwanted program that means you harm and is transmitted to your computer without you knowledge or consent. Malware is used to damage computer software, files, and to steal personal information. Malware comes in many forms, and in order to stay ahead of the threat, computer users need to be aware of the different types of malware that exist. Viruses are probablyRead MoreA Brief Note On Track Cellphone Usage And Moral Agents1721 Words   |  7 Pagesthen removed from the discussion entirely. What is at stake? The things to consider that are at stake from this scenario are, the company’s reputation, financial longevity and the privacy of the children. If this application turns to be a piece of software that is very controversial in society then not only will the company’s reputation get tarnished, but the value of the company will also decrease. This would causes a chain reaction, since the company would get a lot of bad reputation then the currentRead MoreSpyware Essay2057 Words   |  9 PagesAnderson’s input. An ad for Spy-Wiper appeared on his laptop warning him that if he wanted to protect his laptop he had to sign up for the program that would clear his system of any rogue software. When Mr. Anderson arrived at work the following day he discovered that his office computers displayed similar messages from Spy-Wiper. Spy-Wiper was using coercion tactics to intimidate users into signing up for their software, holding the user’s computer hostage until they c omplied. Spy-Wiper created the threatRead MoreMy Internet Security Suite Application Essay552 Words   |  3 Pagesmany malicious software on the internet. It is important to have software that can block and remove this malicious software. The name of the software would be called iSecurity Suite. I would develop a mobile internet security suite application for iPad. I want to protect the iPad against viruses, spyware, and use a firewall to prevent other people from gaining access to your iPad. The first part of the application internet security suite is the anti-virus. This is an important software. It protectRead MoreMax Thielen Last year Target fell victim to a massive cyber attack that compromised data on700 Words   |  3 Pagesswiped through the machine (Smith). The hackers were able to steal vendor credentials from BMC Software, the company that developed the IT management software used by Target. The hackers used the account name â€Å"Best1_user† and password â€Å"BackupU$r† to access the machine. The â€Å"Best1_user† account name is restricted from logging in to the computer. It is actually an administrator account used by the software to do basic tasks (Smith). Through the administrator account access, the criminals were ableRead MoreThe Moral Of Moral Agents1630 Words   |  7 PagesThe children do have some possible choices to make regarding this supposed invasion of privacy with varying degrees of moral standing. They could look into using applications that mask their activity or employ the less moral route of removing the software entirely. Finally, the developer himself is in control of the entire scenario since it all hangs on his choice of going forward with the development of the application. After all, if he just refuses to take part in the project and takes the consequencesRead MoreReasons For The Cross Pollination900 Words   |  4 PagesThe term cross pollination may be used to best describe the sharing of theories, mathematical computations, algorithms, languages, hardware architecture, system software, applications software and tools between computer science and software engineering. Computer scientists utilize mathematics and theory to analyze if something works. Software engineers apply known rules in order to build and design things. Calude et al. (2008) quoted Vladimir Arnold in their research regarding proofs, â€Å"Proofs are toRead MoreIs The Virus A Virus?928 Words   |  4 Pagesvirus, by definition it is a â€Å"Software that is self-replicating and spreads like a biological virus.† (Easttom, 2013-2014) Theyâ₠¬â„¢re many forms of virus such as: Spyware which like its name spies on your behavior and sends this data to a remote computer. You also have Adware which like its name as well targets you for ads and different advertisements. You’re more harmful forms of viruses are Trojans which is a type of malware that is often disguised as legitimate software (Kaspersky Lab, 1997-2015) TrojansRead MoreSecurity Of Computer And Internet Crimes1628 Words   |  7 Pagesamounts of computer crimes, but they usually fall into one of five major categories. They are sabotage or wreckage, theft of internet services, theft of data, software or hardware distribution of illegal materials and financial crimes. Sabotage or wreckage is a criminal activity that leads to partial or total destruction of the software or data contained on the computer. Most of these are done through virus writing that can damage both the hard drive and other programs within the computerRead MoreAutonomous Vehicles and Software Architectures Essay1312 Words   |  6 PagesAutonomous Vehicles and Software Architectures Please respond to the following: * Autonomous vehicles utilize integrated imaging and vision systems, sensor systems, and control systems to â€Å"drive a car†. Determine what you believe are the top-five challenges of integrating these systems. Provide one example for each challenge and explain why you believe it is a challenge. * Explain whether you believe there is a difference between designing and developing software for distributed architectures

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Analysis, Pros...

THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT: ANALYSIS, PROS AND CONS INTRODUCTION The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) is an Act of Congress passed in 1978 and signed by the then President Jimmy Carter. The Act stipulates the procedures to be followed when obtaining intelligence from foreign powers and agents of foreign powers both physically and electronically. The Act has been amended severally. In 2001, it was amended to involve groups and terrorist organizations not supported by foreign governments in an Act called the USA PATRIOT Act. A further amendment was done in 2007 to overhaul most of the provisions, in the Act called Protect America Act. A final amendment was done in 2008 called the FISA Amendments Act of 2008†¦show more content†¦A third provision by the FISA is the Sneak and Peak provision provided under section 213. This provision grants the security agencies the power to enter into the office, home or premise of a suspected terrorist or spy without informing the target. In the process of such undisclosed intrusions, the agencie s are allowed to take photographs, examine data in the computers as well as planting devices that monitor or mirror the operation of the suspect on the computer. These devices should also be able to monitor the internet usage and transmissions of the suspect. In suggesting this provision, the Justice Department asserted that this unexplained intrusion had been used against drug dealers. But now that terrorism was of more danger to the homeland, then there was need to take terrorists as the most dangerous persons on US soil (Larry and Godoy 2006). A very controversial provision in the amendment to the FISA is the Libraries Provision. This provision allows the government security agencies to access any tangible or written information regarding the suspects, be they documents, books, records or papers. The provision further does not obligate the agency to inform the suspect that it is accessing the vital information. The FBI is expected to get a court authority secretly by simply proving that the suspects could be involved in espionage or terrorism. This willShow MoreRelatedPersonal Data Privacy . Frame Analysis And Advocacy Field1686 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Data Privacy Frame Analysis and Advocacy Field Guide This framing analysis includes 10 recent print news articles that address personal data privacy. The 5 dominant frames identified include: unauthorized data collection and misuse, commercial application of personal data, civil liberties (personal data in the legal system), data protection, and innovation. There were Pro and Con arguments present for each frame with the exception of the last, no Con arguments were present for the innovationRead MoreImpact of the Usa Patriot Act2309 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract The primary concern of this paper is to establish the impact of the USA Patriot Act on local law enforcement and its potential for net widening. This paper will cover three primary areas to provide a proper public safety case analysis. First the paper will describe the public safety agency and its roles in relation to the USA PATRIOT ACT. Then the paper will provide a detail explanation of the leadership, management, and administration roles of the public safety agency chosen. Finally thisRead MoreEssay on Army Counter Intelligence Division2298 Words   |  10 Pagesfederally funded programs that deal with crime and the prevention of crime. We have all heard of the CIA the FBI, DEA and others, but some that have a very well-funded and all including presence is the counter intelligence divisions of the United States military. The Military CID or Counter intelligence Division work with each other in depth and deal with real time missions at hand that protect the troops in war zones an d are an integral part of the federal government’s ability to track and counter anyRead MoreIndividual Privacy vs National Security5833 Words   |  24 Pagesnational security come together in its most recent society. Do the public succumb to total governmental control, or do they propose continued debate in the nation’s process of the national security process. There are always two sides of a story, the pros and cons, the laurels and pitfalls, or the good and the bad, and for the public, it has to decide which side in each of these is the right side it feels is the best possible side to be on. One hand, national security is decided by the government to protectRead MoreRole of Intelligence in India’s Security5420 Words   |  22 PagesRN KAO MEMORIAL LECTURE BY SHRI NARESH CHANDRA India’s Security Challenges in the next decade – Role of Intelligence I feel greatly honoured and privileged to have been asked to deliver the R. N. Kao Memorial Lecture this year. I believe, it is the sixth in the series started in 2007 by Shri Tharakan, the then Secretary, Ramp;AW . It feels good to be following the five distinguished speakers who have delivered the lecture in previous years. Before this distinguished gathering, it is hardlyRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 PagesNat’l Security Powers Between Congress, the President and the Court 48 The 1973 War Powers Resolution 49 II. The War Powers Resolution: A Debate between JNM and Frederick Tipson 50 CHAPTER 18: The National Security Process 60 CHAPTER 19: intelligence and Counterintelligence 63 CHAPTER 20: Access to Information 65 CHAPTER 21: Freedom of Expression 70 CHAPTER 22: National Security and the Fourth and Fifth Amendments 73 R. J. Rummel, â€Å"Power Kills; Absolute Power Kills Absolutely (Oct. 1991)Read MoreSocial Research 2.0: Virtual Snowball Sampling Method9226 Words   |  37 Pagessite, can help researchers to contact hidden or hard to reach persons. Although in the last decade researchers became interested in the study of SNSs, they particularly focus on the characteristics of the users of SNSs (Back et al., 2010), on the analysis of the social capital and their inï ¬â€šuence in users behaviour (Ellison et al., 2007; Bigge, 2006) or on ethical issues concerning with the reward of private information on the Internet (Acquisti and Gross, 2006; Boyd and Ellison, 2008; Boyd, 2008;Read MoreSingle vs Multiple Financial Regulators12736 Words   |  51 PagesSINGLE Vs. MULTIPLE FINANCIAL REGULATORS An analysis of the financial regulatory systems followed around the world By: Sudharsan S Sandeep Kumar Natharali Razvi Vijay PJ Natarajan P Neeraj Kannoth (118) (110) (32) (59) (31) (106) INTRODUCTION Financial systems and financial regulators are entities setup by the government of a country to ensure the availability and flow of financial resources in a fair and lawful manner without exploitation or monopolization of the resource by individualsRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagespublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. 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Strategic Management of Australian Supermarket-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the competitive analysis of the entire retail industry of Australia. Answer: Introduction The report helps in analysis of the different kind of macro environmental analysis along with the industry analysis of the entire retail industry in Australia. Proper description of the life cycle of the retail sector has to be analysed in an effectual manner wherein the Porters Five Forces Analysis is required to be done appropriately. Proper company and competitor analysis is required to be done appropriately that will help in identification of different strategies and solve the issues effectually. The main aim and purpose of the report includes the strategic analysis of the supermarkets that includes Coles and Woolworths and the threat from Aldi has to be analysed in an effectual manner as well. Proper external environment analysis is required to be done in an effectual manner wherein this will help in implementing different strategies to solve the issues. Analysis of Macro Environment PESTLE analysis can be used as the macro environmental tool in order to analyse the entire Australian retail market in an effectual manner. The requirements and demands of the different consumers has to be fulfilled by different kind of retail stores in the Australian market. The different kind of policies of the government helps in providing opportunities related to growth to the retail kind of organizations in the Australian market. There are different kind of economic factors that include unemployment along with recession will reduce the operational growth of the company (Tantalo and Priem, 2016). The buying behaviour and demands of the different customers are affected by the economic condition of the country. The different customers of the supermarket are the different kind of important factors that affects the entire revenues and profitability (Galliers and Leidner, 2014). The different kind of social status of the different customers affect the choices and they wish to purchase from such supermarkets itself. The entire social status of the organization affects the choices of the customers related to the different products and the social status of the different customers affect the choices that is related to products and they wish to purchase from such supermarkets as well (Pearlson, Saunders Galletta, 2016). The entire advancement of the technologies affects the different ways by which the different supermarkets make utilization of the accurate methods along with operation. The different kind of innovations that have taken place in different kind of supermarkets that include the different formation of the different service-oriented architecture of the organisations (Frow et al., 2015). The different kind of operations that affect the environment of the supermarkets and this affects the sales of the company as well. The different kind of activities that is related to recycling along with revenues of the company affects the revenues of the supermarket. It has been seen that the organizations in Australian economy such as Woolworths and Coles face different kind of challenges that include the wider kind of situation and there is immense amount of competition in the market as well (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). There are different kind of issues in the market that is related to the customer service that is required to be solved in an effective manner. Analysis of Industry Life Cycle Stage of Industry The life cycle of the different products and services of the supermarket consists of the different kind of stages that include introduction, growth, maturity and decline stage. The entire industry of supermarket in Australian economy is in the maturity stage wherein it is seen that the sales is high in nature and growth has been slowed down in the market and there is immense competition in the market as well (Krajewski, Malhotra Ritzman, 2015). The different kind of organizations need to increase the growth as this will help them in not to reach the decline stage and this will help the supermarkets in the economy to perform well in an effective manner. The life cycle stage of the products or services is essential in nature that provides proper analysis of the position of the supermarket and this will help them in performing accordingly to increase the sales and growth and they will not reach the decline stage as well. Analysis of Porters Five Forces Bargaining power of the suppliers is related to the power of the different kind of suppliers of the supermarket and it is moderate in nature in the supermarket industry in Australian economy. The concentration of the different organizations is high in the supermarket and this includes the different some big players that have kept the power of the different suppliers. Bargaining power of the buyers is related to power of the different buyers wherein it is seen that the bargaining power of the buyers is high in nature. The entire force has become more powerful in nature in the Australian economy as there is huge increase in the number of supermarkets in the Australian market. The consumers have different kind of options to select from and this has helped in increasing the bargaining power of the different buyers as well in the Australian market (Frynas Mellahi, 2015). Threats among the different substitutes wherein it is seen that the retail products that are being offered and provided in Australian supermarkets is high and the products that are utilized by the different consumers on a daily basis helps in increasing the loyalty among the customers. This decreases the threat related to different substitutes in the supermarket industry of Australian economy (Stead Stead, 2015). Rivalry among the existing firms is related to the different kind of threats from the rivalry in the retail industry of Australia and this is making tough for the large supermarkets in the market as well. This thereby assists in reducing the threat that is due to the rivalry and this is affecting the share in the market. All the large firms are continuously competing with one another for gaining the larger share in the entire market (Jarzabkowski Kaplan, 2015). Threats related to the different new entrants is the other issue wherein the new kind of players in the market in the retail industry of Australian economy has been made tough for the different kind of players in the entire market. This helps in reducing the different kind of threats from the new firms to the existing firms in the Australian economy (Biemans, 2018). Analysis of Organization The different kind of organizations that is ruling the entire Australian retail industry is Woolworths and Coles. Woolworths is one of the largest supermarket chains in the entire Australia (Slack, 2015). There are more than 115,000 employees wherein there are more than 900 stores in all over Australia. The goal and vision of the retail store Woolworths is to provide the customers with fresh kind of products and services in an effectual manner. Furthermore, it was seen that Coles is the other supermarket that is operating and it has helped them in increasing the operations in Australia. The respective organization is operating in Australia under the parent organization named Wesfarmers. Wesfarmers is one of the large conglomerate in the entire Australian market (Lasserre, 2017). Both of the supermarkets in the Australian supermarket are trying to improve the different kind of operations and this is increasing and helping them to increase the market share in the entire market (Bromiley et al., 2015). Both the organizations are now being challenged with the entry of the new firm named Aldi that is establishing their position in the Australian economy. Furthermore, it is seen that there are different kind of competitors in the market wherein Woolworths is still number one in the retail industry and they are performing well in the economy as well. On the other hand, Coles is the part of Wesfarmers that is the conglomerate and it is performing well in the market with increasing the profitability in the market. However, it is seen that Woolworths has been successful in outperforming in comparison to Coles and the situation has changed and it is acquired by Wesfarmers (Woolworths.com.au., 2018). Lastly, it is seen that both Woolworths and Coles are performing well in the market wherein this has helped them in increasing their market share and they have outperformed the profit earned by Aldi supermarket in the entire industry of Australian economy (Rothaermel, 2015). Analysis of Competitors The level of the entire competition is high between both the companies such as Woolworths and Coles. The level of the competition among the different kind of organizations has been hostile in nature and the implementation of the strategy of the different firms that is related to different kind of policies and they are different from one another. The strategy of Woolworths was implemented in the year 1980 and they did not perform well in the sales as well (Coles.com.au., 2018). The main strategy of Woolworths was to provide the individuals who are the customers with different kind of products and services that are fresh in nature. The different kind of organizations are constantly competing with the one another in regards to the different kind of strategies and they will be formulating in order to increase the revenues of the company as well (Aldi.com.au, 2018). With the formulation of the Porters Five Forces Analysis, the level of the entire competition in the entire Australian economy is high in nature and this includes the analysis of the rivalry among the different kind of competitors in the market and the name of the organization that is one more rivalry is Aldi and this is creating huge competition for Woolworths and Coles Supermarkets as well. SWOT analysis of Retail Industry Strengths Population Demographics Penetration of low market Aspiring the middle-class individuals Weaknesses Uncertainty in political condition Poor kind of infrastructure and supply chain management Opportunities Innovation Digital kind of strategy Approach that is customer centric Threats Human Capital Availability of land and real estate Analysis of Strategy Identification of different strategies There are different kind of strategies that has been implemented by Woolworths Supermarket wherein there are five most important priorities that are discussed: Building proper and appropriate culture of the stores along with customers Generating the sales momentum in the food and it is sustainable in nature Evolving the business that is related to drinks of the entire organization and the main motive of the organization is to provide the potential customers with different kind of services and products that has to be valued by them and it is effectual in nature as well The proper empowerment of the different kind of portfolio business of the entire organization as this will help in providing valuing to the shareholders Organization is aiming towards the becoming leaning retailer with the help of the different systems with end to end process along with proper excellence Woolworths Supermarket has been able to implement the different kind of strategies as this will help them in operating successfully in the entire market. The respective strategy has been properly implemented by Coles supermarket as this helped them in creating customer base and this will help them in creating value to the customers in an effectual manner as well. The strategy helps in assisting the company as this will build the different kind of relationships with the different customers. However, it was seen that there are different occasions wherein Coles have failed in implementing such strategies and this led to loss in sales of the company as well. The proper entry of the new kind of player in the Australian market has further challenged different kind of strategies in such a manner that both the supermarkets Coles and Woolworths are competing with one another in a fierce manner and this is helping them in increasing the sales of the company as well. Aldi Supermarket has entered into the market in the year 2001 and they are trying to expand their operations in a fast manner. The organizations have more than 350 stores in more than 21 countries and this is helping them in increasing the generation of revenues in the market. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that Australian supermarket industry is competitive in nature and the major kind of players in the market is restricting the entry of the new firms in the market as well. The two kinds of organizations include Woolworths and Coles Supermarket and these organizations provide huge competition to the other kind of competitors in the market as well. The entire level of competition in the respective market has become intense on nature and this has affected the different kind of revenues of major retail kind of companies in the entire country Australia. Furthermore, it was seen that the competition is huge in nature and is intense in nature and this will increase their sales and revenues in the market as well. Recommendations Both Coles and Woolworths supermarkets has to formulate the different kind of different strategies that are appropriate in nature Both the companies have to improve the customer service quality along with different kind of operations as well The store style has to be maintained in both the organizations and this is in accordance with the different kind of convenience of the customers Woolworths needs to use the strategy that is related to preferences of the different customers and this will help in understanding the preferences as well and this will provide knowledge on the different kind of strategies that will help them in competing with one anothe References Aldi.com.au. (2018).ALDI Supermarkets - Good Different - ALDI Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.aldi.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018]. Coles.com.au. (2018).Coles Supermarkets. [online] Available at: https://www.coles.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018]. Woolworths.com.au. (2018).Woolworths.com.au. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018]. Bettis, R., Gambardella, A., Helfat, C. Mitchell, W., (2014). Quantitative empirical analysis in strategic management.Strategic Management Journal,35(7), pp.949-953. Biemans, W., (2018).Managing innovation within networks. Routledge. Brewster, C., (2017). The integration of human resource management corporate strategy. InPolicy practice in European human resource management(pp. 22-35). Routledge. Bromiley, P., McShane, M., Nair, A. Rustambekov, E., (2015). Enterprise risk management: Review, critique, research directions.Long range planning,48(4), pp.265-276. Frow, P., Nenonen, S., Payne, A. Storbacka, K., (2015). Managing co?creation design: A strategic approach to innovation.British Journal of Management,26(3), pp.463-483. Frynas, J.G. Mellahi, K., (2015).Global strategic management. Oxford University Press, USA. Galliers, R.D. Leidner, D.E. eds., (2014).Strategic information management: challenges strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. Schilling, M.A., (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Jarzabkowski, P. Kaplan, S., (2015). Strategy tools?in?use: A framework for understing technologies of rationality in practice.Strategic Management Journal,36(4), pp.537-558. Krajewski, L.J., Malhotra, M.K. Ritzman, L.P., (2015).Operations management: processes supply chains. Pearson. Lasserre, P., (2017).Global strategic management. Palgrave. Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. Galletta, D.F., (2016).Managing Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Rothaermel, F.T., (2015.Strategic management. McGraw-Hill Education. Slack, N., (2015).Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Stead, J.G. Stead, W.E., (2015).Management for a small planet. Routledge. Tantalo, C. Priem, R.L., (2016). Value creation through stakeholder synergy.Strategic Management Journal,37(2), pp.314-329

Lord Of The Flies Essays (2132 words) - English-language Films

Lord of the Flies Lord of the Flies In his first novel, William Golding used a group of boys stranded on a tropical island to illustrate the malicious nature of mankind. Lord of the Flies dealt with changes that the boys underwent as they gradually adapted to the isolated freedom from society. Three main characters depicted different effects on certain individuals under those circumstances. Jack Merridew began as the arrogant and self-righteous leader of a choir. The freedom of the island allowed him to further develop the darker side of his personality as the Chief of a savage tribe. Ralph started as a self-assured boy whose confidence in himself came from the acceptance of his peers. He had a fair nature as he was willing to listen to Piggy. He became increasingly dependent on Piggy's wisdom and became lost in the confusion around him. Towards the end of the story his rejection from their society of savage boys forced him to fend for himself. Piggy was an educated boy who had grown up as an outcast. Due to his academic childhood, he was more mature than the others and retained his civilized behaviour. But his experiences on the island gave him a more realistic understanding of the cruelty possessed by some people. The ordeals of the three boys on the island made them more aware of the evil inside themselves and, in some cases, made the false politeness that had clothed them disappear. However, the changes experienced by one boy differed from those endured by another. This is attributable to the physical and mental differences between them. Jack was first described with having an air of cruelty that made him naturally unlikeable. As leader of the choir and one of the tallest boys on the island, Jack's physical height and authority matched his arrogant personality. His desire to be Chief was clearly evident in his first appearance. When the idea of having a Chief was mentioned Jack spoke out immediately. "I ought to be chief," said Jack with simple arrogance, "because I'm chapter chorister and head boy." He led his choir by administering much discipline resulting in forced obedience from the cloaked boys. His ill-nature was well expressed through his impoliteness in saying, "Shut up, Fatty." at Piggy (p. 23). However, despite his unpleasant personality, his lack of courage and his conscience prevented him from killing the first pig they encountered: "They knew very well why he hadn't: because of the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood" (p. 34). Even at the meetings, Jack was able to contain himself under the leadership of Ralph. He had even suggested the implementation of rules to regulate themselves. This was a Jack who was proud to be British, and who was shaped and still bound by the laws of a civilized society. The freedom offered to him by the island allowed Jack to express the darker sides of his personality that were repressed by the ideals of his past environment. Without adults as a superior and responsible authority, he began to lose his fear of being punished for improper actions and behaviour. This freedom along with his malicious and arrogant personality made it possible for him to quickly degenerate into a savage. He put on paint, first to camouflage himself from the pigs. But he discovered that the paint allowed him to hide the forbidden thoughts in his mind that his facial expressions would otherwise show: "The mask was a thing on its own behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness" (p. 69). Through hunting, Jack lost his fear of blood and of killing living animals. He reached a point where he actually enjoyed the sensation of hunting a prey afraid of his spear and knife. His natural desire for blood and violence was brought out by his hunting of pigs. As Ralph became lost in his own confusion, Jack began to assert himself as chief. The boys realizing that Jack was a stronger and more self-assured leader gave in easily to the freedom of Jack's savagery. Placed in a position of power and with his followers sharing his crazed hunger for violence, Jack gained encouragement to commit the vile acts of thievery and murder. Freed from the conditions of a regulated society, Jack gradually became more violent and the rules and proper behaviour by which he was brought up were forgotten. The freedom given to him unveiled his true self under the clothing worn by civilized people to hide his darker characteristics. Ralph was introduced as